Vertical pidgeon process. The VCTRM process results in 63.

Vertical pidgeon process. The workflow and key equipment and technologies were Mathematical modelling of magnesium reduction in a novel vertical Pidgeon process Oct 1, 2020 · In Mg production based on the Pidgeon process, improving the service life of retort tubes is a major challenge, which requires detailed examinations of failure modes and the respective micromechanisms. Mar 1, 2022 · This study quantified the flows of resource and energy for the Pidgeon process and the VCTRM process, then compared and analyzed these two processes with each other from three aspects. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way Jan 1, 2017 · College of Material Science and Engineering, Xi′an University o f Science and Technology, Xi’an 710055, P. Understanding these trends Process Abstract At present, there are two main magnesium smelting methods: electrolytic method and reduction method. The Pidgeon process has advantages of producing high purity magnesium as well as simple operation and low investment cost. Ltd Pidgeon Process – World News pidgeon vertical magnesium reduction retorts, dolomite extraction process, pidgeon vertical magnesium reduction retorts, dolomite extraction process, dolomite mining … Sci-Hub | Mathematical modelling of magnesium reduction in a novel vertical Pidgeon process. However, the horizontal Pidgeon reduction process currently deployed in China possesses a characteristic, i. 16% lower of non-renewable mineral resources and energy consumptions when compared to the Pidgeon process, respectively. The simulations were run to determine the effect of various parameters, such as the diameter and thickness of the compound, and slot angle, on the Jan 1, 2022 · The variable thermophysical properties was introduced in the coupling model of heat transfer and reduction reaction in the Pidgeon process to improve the accuracy of numerical calculation. For the mechanical compound vertical technology, the manhours for completing the feeding and discharging of one retort were largely shorten to around 15 min compared to the Pidgeon process. Apr 30, 2021 · At present, there are two main magnesium smelting methods: electrolytic method and reduction method. 1 (a) & (b), the horizontal retort makes it difficult to achieve mechanization and automation. Comparing with horizontal type furnace, the vertical type reduction furnace is more advance in technology, efficient, energy conservation and environment protection. ZHANG, R. Mar 11, 2015 · After the numerical simulation and experimental analysis, the novel vertical magnesium reduction furnace presents obviously several stronger merits over the high alloy pots used in horizontal Pidgeon process, therefore, the new vertical furnace will possible take the place of the horizontal pots in further Mg industry. CaF 2 is commonly used in the process as the catalyst. Feb 14, 2014 · Download Citation | Vertical Larger-Diameter Vacuum Retort Magnesium Reduction Furnace | A new magnesium reduction technique has been developed to improve the Pidgeon reduction process. Process Abstract At present, there are two main magnesium smelting methods: electrolytic method and reduction method. 3. Vertical magnesium manufacturing apparatus. The selection of primary magnesium production depends on the raw material (magnesium containing ores or salts solved in salty lakes). Analyses of the slag samples and thermodynamic calculations indicated that liquid phase plays important role in the reduction process. The May 17, 2022 · Pidgeon process magnesium production process (1) Dolomite calcination: dolomite in rotary kiln or vertical kiln heated to 1100 ~ 1200 ℃, burned into calcined white (MgOCaO). Jul 1, 2002 · Request PDF | Mathematical modelling of magnesium reduction in a novel vertical Pidgeon process | A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the phenomenon of heat transfer occurring A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the phenomenon of heat transfer occurring during a novel magnesium reduction process - the vertical retort technology. Compared with the electrolytic magnesium smelting process, the Pidgeon process has the advantages of simple and mature process flow, small investment, short construction period, multiple heat sources, good magnesium quality, low power consumption, and good utilization of coal The Vertical Pidgeon Process is a relatively new technology, with many advantages over the Horizontal Pidgeon Process. Several institutes in China have taken the vertical process into an industrial scale. e. The Pidgeon process is a practical method for smelting magnesium. Consequently, the magnesium thermal reduction process is significantly improved in the vertical retort. The Pidgeon process is a batch process that needs highly intensive labor work. Main compositions, phases, particle size distribution and harmful elements in magnesium slag were analyzed. , in science and technology, medicine and Recent experimental research on the application of external- heating vertical pots in the Pidgeon process has led to its adoption in certain areas for primary magnesium production [16]. The most common method involves the raw material, dolomite being fed into an externally heated reduction tank and then thermally reduced to metallic magnesium using 75% ferrosilicon as a reducing agent in a vacuum. This paper aims at reviewing the research and improvement of the Pidgeon process toward solving three You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. Abstract:The temperature gradient in pellets bed caused by heat transfer is a key factor which limits the reduction reaction in the Pidgeon process. MagneSium production in China has been growing steadily over the past 10 years. B. It provides free access to secondary information on researchers, articles, patents, etc. Petrovski and Zlatko Gjurchinovski University Jan 1, 2015 · This paper aims at reviewing the research and improvement of the Pidgeon process toward solving three problems encountered in the process: slow chemical reaction rate, low heat transfer efficiency A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the phenomenon of heat transfer occurring during a novel magnesium reduction process - the vertical retort technology. Specifically, the reaction mechanism and kinetics of generic silicothermic May 1, 2022 · The predominant method for magnesium production is the Pidgeon process which is a batch process starting from calcined dolomite and ferrosilicon. Our retort centrifugal casting line produces Pidgeon Process magnesium or calcium metal reduction retorts and recycles the old used retorts. Compared with the electrolytic magnesium smelting process, the Pidgeon process has the advantages of simple and mature process flow, small investment, short construction period, multiple heat sources, good magnesium quality, low power consumption, and good utilization of coal This paper attempts to replace the traditional manual slag offloading of magnesium smelting in Pidgeon process with robotic slag removal. WEI, L. However, supply chain disruptions, price fluctuations, and geopolitical factors significantly impact its market dynamics. Apr 16, 2023 · You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. This paper aims at reviewing the research and improvement of the Pidgeon process toward solving three problems encountered in the process: slow chemical reaction rate, low heat transfer efficiency, and semi-continuous production. This open access book introduces process of magnesium silicothermic reduction (Pidgeon process) and harmless handling of magnesium slag. [1] Feb 1, 2025 · Owing to the solid–liquid transition of CaSi 2, this process culminates in the bonding of slag pellets. , in science and technology, medicine and Apr 30, 2021 · The generation process and behavior of magnesium reduction slag via Pidgeon process are described in this chapter. inefficiency of heat and mass transfer occurred in the reduction process [1,2]. P. NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MAGNESIUM PRODUCTION BY THE PIDGEON PROCESS PART II: COUPLING OF THE MAGNESIUM REDUCTION IN THE RETORTS WITH THE SURROUNDING THERMAL-FLOW FIELDS IN A COAL-FIRED FURNACE S. This work aims to study the available vertical retort designs and examine the approach taken by each design to improve the Pidgeon process, and to study the effects caused by the replacement of CaF 2 with borates as a catalyst for the Pidgeon process. Apr 24, 2023 · Under the policy of low carbon energy saving, higher requirements are put forward for magnesium smelting. See full list on link. Pidgeon process is applied in the company’s Mg smelting technology, this kind of process is advanced and reliable technology. Firstly, a new furnace is developed and a larger-diameter vertical settled vacuum retort The Pidgeon process is a thermal reduction process, which produces magnesium from calcined dolomite under a vacuum pressure of ~10 Pa and at a temperature of 1150~1200°C using ferrosilicon as a reducing agent. A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the phenomenon of heat transfer occurring during a novel magnesium reduction process - the vertical retort technology. [1] Overall the processes in magnesium smelting via the Dec 1, 2023 · The Pidgeon process has advantages of saving investment, simple flow and low cost, but its further development is limited due to a number of shortcomings. May 30, 2022 · The Vertical Pidgeon Process is a relatively new technology, with many advantages over the Horizontal Pidgeon Process. Jun 1, 2024 · In the preparation of magnesium by Pidgeon process, the phenomenon slag pellets sticking on the wall of reduction pot always appear, and the glaze sti… Vertical Magnesium Metal Reduction Furnace . To overcome the shortcomings of the horizontal magnesium reduction process, a novel vertical and fast magnesium reduction process for large-scale production must be developed, in which the rate of heat and mass transfer during the reduction process can be enhanced [4]. In the vertical process, a high tech machine monitors the materials continuously. com Apr 30, 2021 · At present, there are two main magnesium smelting methods: electrolytic method and reduction method. We produce both vertical and horizontal retort to reduce the magnesium or calcium metal by Pidgeon process technology. springer. The simulations were run to determine the effect of various parameters, such as the diameter and thickness of the compound, and slot angle, on the A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the phenomenon of heat transfer occurring during a novel magnesium reduction process - the vertical retort technology. Magnesium is an essential material widely used in the automotive, aerospace, and metallurgical industries due to its lightweight properties, high strength-to-weight ratio, and recyclability. 1088/0965-0393/10/4/304 Dec 10, 2022 · Process Abstract At present, there are two main magnesium smelting methods: electrolytic method and reduction method. Most of the metal has been produced by the Pidgeon process. The simulations were run to determine the effect of various parameters, such as the diameter and thickness of the compound, and slot angle, on the Our retort centrifugal casting line produces Pidgeon Process magnesium or calcium metal reduction retorts and recycles the old used retorts. Feb 8, 2017 · The predominant method for magnesium production is the Pidgeon process which is a batch process starting from calcined dolomite and ferrosilicon. Apr 1, 2013 · The primary magnesium is at present mainly produced by the Pidgeon process in China which is now the largest magnesium production and exporting country. A new magnesium reduction technique has been developed to improve the Pidgeon reduction process. Feb 6, 2023 · And through the comparison and analysis of the technical and economic indicators of the compound-vertical process with the Pidgeon process and Magnetherm process, the superiority and advancement of the compound vertical retort magnesium production technology are discussed. 10 (4), p. The method of claim 1,The vertical magnesium manufacturing apparatus further comprises a pool for collecting the magnesium solution flowing down and in communication with the condenser tube flows down the condenser. Global leader in Pidgeon process magnesium production line with 36+ years expertise. The VCTRM process results in 63. Pidgeon, is the dominant primary production method among all processes. GUO* For the mechanical compound vertical technology, the manhours for completing the feeding and discharging of one retort were largely shorten to around 15 min compared to the Pidgeon process. In this paper, the effects of some factors,such as pellet size, charging pattern, temperature of the outer wall of the retort on the temperature distribution and reduction ratio distribution in the bed are studied with numerical method. This process uses horizontal steel tubes called retorts, in furnaces and under vacuum. (2) Batching and ball making: calcined white, ferrosilicon powder and fluorite powder will be measured ingredients, powder grinding, and then pressed into balls. Home >> Pidgeon Process Magnesium Metal Reduction Technology >> Vertical Magnesium Metal Reduction Furnace Formation mechanism of bonded slag pellets in vertical-pot Pidgeon process of magnesium production Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (English Edition) 2025 | Journal article DOI: 10. May 5, 2025 · By J. Dec 5, 2022 · Pidgeon process as one of the silicothermic processes is the main method for Mg production. The Pidgeon Process in China and Its Future Jing Chun Zang and Weinan Ding (ab Vertical Larger-Diameter Vacuum Retort Magnesium Reduction Furnace Xiaoming Mei, Alfred Yu, Shixian Shang and Tianbai Zhu A Computational Thermodynamic Analysis of Atmospheric Magnesium Production Melissa Marshall, Zi-Kui Liu and Roy Christini Optimisation of combustion and technology process in a vertical shaft kiln Risto V. Feb 6, 2023 · This paper introduces a new silicothermic processSilicothermic process, compound vertical retort technology for magnesiumMagnesium production. As the mainstream magnesium smelting process, the Pidgeon process has the disadvantages of a long production cycle, high energy consumption and high carbon emission, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of green environmental protection. Understanding these trends Nov 14, 2024 · Mer Hignly Effective Vertical Metal Magnesium Reduction Furnace EPC Projects, Find Details and Price about Pidgeon Process Magnesium Smelting Technology Horizontal Reduction Tank from Mer Hignly Effective Vertical Metal Magnesium Reduction Furnace EPC Projects - Handan Metallurgical Engineering and Research Co. 95% purity magnesium ingots, and emissions <50mg/m³. Aug 8, 2022 · This article describes three magnesium extraction methods: the Horizontal Pidgeon Process, the Vertical Pidgeon Process, and aluminothermic reduction. Our turnkey solutions deliver 40% energy savings, 99. The state and development of the techniques Recent experimental research on the application of external- heating vertical pots in the Pidgeon process has led to its adoption in certain areas for primary magnesium production [16]. Trusted by POSCO & 90% market share – from 5,000 to 25,000 TPY capacity. These defects push up the production cost and hinder the development of magnesium industry in China. China Keywords: Mg reduction, Vertical Furnace, Inner Heating, Pidgeon Process. The computed results show that the utilization of the optimized process parameters leads to a decrease in reduction time and energy consumption, and an increase in production capacities and recovery rates. J. The variable thermophysical properties was introduced in the coupling model of heat transfer and reduction reaction in the Pidgeon process to improve the accuracy of numerical calculation. In the retorts mixtures of finely ground calcined dolomite and ferrosiiicon formed into briquettes react to form magnesium vapors which are condensed and later remelted Oct 12, 2018 · At present, 98% of magnesium in China is produced by the low-efficient, energy-intensive Pidgeon process. R. Nov 1, 2022 · In the preparation of magnesium by Pidgeon process, the phenomenon slag pellets sticking on the wall of reduction pot always appear, and the glaze sticking on the inner wall of the reduction pot 3process, the Pidgeon process has the advantages of simple and mature process flow, 4smallinvestment,shortconstructionperiod,multipleheatsources,goodmagnesium Feb 1, 2025 · Download Citation | On Feb 1, 2025, Ji-lei XU and others published Formation mechanism of bonded slag pellets in vertical-pot Pidgeon process of magnesium production | Find, read and cite all the May 1, 2024 · The Pidgeon process, a type of silicothermic process, has seen rapid development in China due to its low equipment costs, simplicity, ease of operation, abundant mineral resources, and the high purity of primary magnesium it produces. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way Recent experimental research on the application of external- heating vertical pots in the Pidgeon process has led to its adoption in certain areas for primary magnesium production [16]. 14% and 69. Pidgeon process : Labor intensive, Batch process w/ low productivity, low E efficienc y and unreacted slag adhesion to retort wall è More innovation needed Apr 1, 2013 · The Pidgeon process is a thermal reduction process that extracts magnesium from calcined dolomite (MgO⋅CaO) under a vacuum pressure of ∼10 Pa and a temperature of 1100–1200 °C by the ferrosilicon (Fe⋅Si) as a reducing agent. Full display result Top Export to View Online Details Citations Article ; Mathematical modelling of magnesium reduction in a novel vertical Pidgeon process ; Yu, Alfred ; Hu, Henry ; Li, Naiyi; ; Modelling and simulation in materials science and engineering, 2002-07, Vol. Vapor-deposited magnesium crystals from the Pidgeon process The Pidgeon process is a practical method for smelting magnesium. This paper reviews the research Mar 11, 2015 · After the numerical simulation and experimental analysis, the novel vertical magnesium reduction furnace presents obviously several stronger merits over the high alloy pots used in horizontal Pidgeon process, therefore, the new vertical furnace will possible take the place of the horizontal pots in further Mg industry. Weiler, Meridian Lightweight Technologies, Inc. CO2eq/kg Mg Vertical Pidgeon Process Electrolytical Process Carbothermic Process Hydromet Process (Fly-ash; FeNi slag) MagLight Process (Magnesite) Elecytrolytic Process (Serpendine) May 5, 2018 · This paper presents an experimental study on the intrinsic chemical dynamics mechanism of the silicothermic reduction process and a single uniform che… After the numerical simulation and experimental analysis, the novel vertical magnesium reduction furnace presents obviously several stronger merits over the high alloy pots used in horizontal Pidgeon process, therefore, the new vertical furnace will possible take the place of the horizontal pots in further Mg industry. A demo We produce both vertical and horizontal retort to reduce the magnesium or calcium metal by Pidgeon process technology. It includes handling all the materials automatically by gravity. This process is more environmentally friendly and ensures a high rate of productivity. The simulations were run to determine the effect of various parameters, such as the diameter and thickness of the compound, and slot angle, on the Jan 10, 2024 · The magnesium slag of the Pidgeon process is rich in MgO, which restricts their resource utilization. 3- The Pidgeon process A plant for magnesium production based on the ferrosilicon process was built in Canada in the early 1940s (Mayer, 1944) to produce magnesium at the rate of ∼ 4500 kg per Apr 25, 2015 · Pidgeon process as one of the silicothermic processes is the main method for Mg production. Magnesium production in China is based on a thermal process, known as the Pidgeon process. CaF2 is commonly used in the process as the catalyst. Filkoski, Ilija J. Compared with the electrolytic magnesium smelting process, the Pidgeon process has the Vertical Pidgeon Process Another process besides the traditional horizontal Pidgeon Process is the Vertical process. 1016/S1003-6326 (24)66704-X Global leader in Pidgeon process magnesium production line with 36+ years expertise. Specifically, the high-temperature infrared dot matrix was used to measure the slag positions indirectly; the faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) was trained with thermal image of the reduction jar as the dataset; the isothermal Article "Formation mechanism of bonded slag pellets in vertical-pot Pidgeon process of magnesium production" Detailed information of the J-GLOBAL is an information service managed by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (hereinafter referred to as "JST"). In 1941, Dr Pidgeon of Dominion Magnesium in Canada developed the Pidgeon process. As shown in Fig. This study can guide the Pidgeon process optimization, enabling mitigation of the “dead pot” issue, thereby enhancing efficiency and reducing costs. A small quantity of calcium fluoride is added as a catalyst. May 10, 2002 · The computed results show that the utilization of the optimized process parameters leads to a decrease in reduction time and energy consumption, and an increase in production capacities and recovery rates. ZK Corp has got the patent of energy-saving rotary kiln, vertical pre-heater and vertical cooler. The retort is produced by our hot mold horizontal Centrifugal Casting Machine classified to diameters range from 300mm to 800mm with lengths range from 3,000mm to 3,500mm. A demo-plant of l000t magnesium per year succeeds in applying this new technique. Jul 1, 2025 · While the vertical Pidgeon process aims to achieve continuous feeding and slag removal operations and improve reduction efficiency, its core process remains vacuum thermal reduction. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 10 (4), 413–423 | 10. However, during practical operations, the vertical-pot process encounters operational challenges, especially in slag discharge. The model was based on the control-volume finite difference approach. M. In this paper, the MgO content in the magnesium … Jan 3, 2025 · The computed results show that the utilization of the optimized process parameters leads to a decrease in reduction time and energy consumption, and an increase in production capacities and recovery rates. LI, J. Vacuum silicothermic production process, called the Pidgeon Process after its inventor L. The traditional Pidgeon process has a long reduction cycle that requires many reduction jars, and causes serious pollution to the environment. 413-423, Article 304; Peer Reviewed Mathematical modelling of magnesium reduction in a novel vertical Pidgeon The Pidgeon process is a thermal reduction process, which produces magnesium from calcined dolomite under a vacuum pressure of ~10 Pa and at a temperature of 1150~1200°C using ferrosilicon as a reducing agent. The The Pidgeon process extracts the magnesium from calcined dolomite (MgO×CaO) according to reaction (1), under a vacuum pressure of ~100 Pa and temperature of ~1200 °C in a horizontal steel retort charged with the walnut-shaped briquettes with a diameter of ~22 mm. x1r6 mkmeyc kwq4b p6x 36f2 0ep6r flr oilzwbk pjso6bx jq8tz4s